Controllable load transfer hitch for tractors



Feb. 10, 1953 E. v. BUNTING 2,627,795

coNTRoLLABLE LOAD TRANSFER HITCH FOR TRAcToRs Filed Jan. 2, 1948 3 sheets-sheet 1 n A 1 \33 {BYM F1: 2 W df?" :7 ATTORNEYS Feb. l0, 1953 E. v. Bum-ING coNTRoLLABLE LOAD TRANSFER HITCH FOR TRAcToRs Filed Jan. 2, 1948 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. ERNEST l( BUN 77N@ J [23%, ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. l0, 1953 PATENT OFFICE CONTROLLABLE LOAD TRANSFER HITCH FOR TRACTORS I Ernest V. Bunting, Dearborn, Mich., assigner to Harry Ferguson, In@ Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application January 2, 1948, Serial No. 225

The present invention pertains to hydraulically operated hitch mechanisms for tractors, the general aim being to provide such a hitch which is capable of accomplishing in a novel and improved manner a controlled transfer of weightb to the tractor from an implement or other trailed device coupled by the hitch.

The objectives here will -be more readily apprehended if, by way of preliminary, consideration is given to the contrast of the presentlyei disclosed system with 1current and familiar automatic draft control systems. Typical of the latter is that disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 2,118,180 to Henry George Ferguson. In the draft control system of the latter patent a hitch linkagellfl" on the rear of the tractor is swung vertically by a hydraulic lift unit, powered f-rom the tractor engine. Ground reaction or draft load on the implement tends to heel it forwardly about its pivotal connection to the hitch and such tend'`-` ency is transmitted mechanically through the hitch linkage to a control element for the power unit. The latter unit is caused automatically to raise or lower the hitch and its attached imple- Q ment, as may be required to retain the draft loa-dr" constant. The hitch linkage itself is, moreover, of such geometry that at least a portion of the downward forces acting on the implement are transferred to the rear end of the tractor for augmenting the tractive effort of its rear drivegx wheels. But the primary control criterion of an automatic draft control system is constancy of draft load on the tractor. In contrast, the objective of the present invention is to make, not constancy of draft load, but instead constancy- Vof transferred load the criterion of control.

In an automatic draft control system the draft load which is retained constant is comprised of a major horizontal component of force and a smaller vertical component of force. In a constant transfer system such as here contemplated, on the other hand, the transferred load which is automatically retained constant is comprised solely of a vertically acting force or forces.

By retaining Iconstant the transferred load, as here contemplated, a whole new eld of control is opened up as compared to automatic draft control. A great variety of implements can be controlled in manners not heretofore possible. Simply by way of example, take the case of trac- 5U tor-trailed row planters supported on press Wheels. rlhese press Wheels serve to firm or press the soil down over the newly planted seed. By using a transfer controlling hitch such as here disclosed the amount of weight borrowed "i 10 Claims. (Cl. 97-50) lon the weight transferredto the tractor.

from the planter by the tractor can be regulated with nicety, thereby leaving an equally well controlled increment of implement weight remaining to act downward on the press wheels for firming the seed bed. The pressure on the seed bed can thus be made as gentle or as vigorous as may be required for any particular soil and seed conditions that are encountered.

A mowing machine trailed from la tractor on a ground shoe or skid is another example. In such an implement it is desirable that only a limited amount of its weight be applied to the ground shoe. With the present system, the remaining weight, in controlled amount, canl be transferred.

On the other hand, with some heavy trailers or implements safe operation with a light tractor makes it desirable to place a positive limit Borrowing of weight to the tractor rear end for increasing -traction is all very well but it can under some instances of heavyv implement weight become excessive. With the present system such borrowing can be automatically limited to any desired value. v

Another benet of the presently disclosed apparatus is that pressure fluid is made available at carefully controlled pressure for use in operating yauxiliary'hydraulic devices. The latter may be used, for example, inadjusting some implement element. Fluid pressure conditions in an automatic draft control system are, in contrast, inherently such that direct supply of fluid from it to auxiliaries is difficult to control.

Still another object is to provide .a substantially self-contained conversion unit of rea-sonyable structural simplicity which can be applied with but little skili'or direction to existing tractor draft load systems to convert them to .constant transfer systems such as here contemplated. l

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the rear portion of a tractor equipped with a constant transfer hitch mechanism of the `present invention, the near rear wheel and fender` of the tractor being removed and certain of the parts being broken away and others longitudinally sectioned to better show the interior arrangement of parts.

Fig. 2 is a detailed view on somewhat enlarged scale showing in longitudinal section the main ycontrol valve of the installation in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan View on somewhat enlarged scale of a pressure responsive unit included in the installation of Fig. l, the subject unit being shown in Fig. l as mounted above the tractors differential housing.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view through the unit of Figf3, the-'section' being taken substantially along the line 4 4 in'Fig. 3.

Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are transverse sectional views of the unit taken respectively substantially l.alternative arrangementsf'fallingwithin the spirit andl scope or the'. :present :inventionfas expressed in the appended' claims.

Referringzmore particularly -tofthe illustrative embodiment: ofrthe invention' shown `(-seefFig. l) -a pairofhitch. links 20 are-provided forattachment offan implement fnot showm-and trail from .theirear endof thegtractor-n laterally spaced-relation. These hitchglinksi20-are pivoted` ongball :joints to swingverticallyabout theirforward; ends at points 2| located below and slightly forward'of ".thezitractors :rear axle 22. Ahydraulic Apower lift, later described-is; arranged -tortug upward on :these :hitch links. .Soi muchgiofthe-implement weight-or other Vdownwardly:acting 'load forcesas .are thuslsustainedi onV the. upwardly urged-hitch --linkage are, accordingly, 'transferred tothe. rear :endg :portion Vrof the tractorf via .thef .linkage A,and hydraulic lift :unitfholding' the tractorsrear 4jpneumatie-tired,y rear. traction--wheels 23 vdown to their Work.

-.It is-with thecontrol yof such` transfer that the VHpresent invention isiconcerned. :To maintaina constant, downwardly acting transferred loading von the ftractor, thet mechanismf here disclosed .maintains'constancy Vinfthe counter -or upward thrust of the hydraulic lift. Bymaintaining the iiuidm pressure suchv .lift constant;r ,the `raising force-exerted on the hitch-linkage 4(and'hencev the opposing loadwhich istransferred) is maintained `constant.

-Forsuchnpurposef, a constant pressure type of hydraulic systemnfor supplyingY the hydraulic lift can be Vbuilt into the4 tractor originally,ori an existing hydraulicsystem onfitconverted to constant .pressure operation. In the-presentinstance a conversion job has been illustrated (Fig. l) employinga conversion uniti-designated generally as 24. -This unit coacts. with a-portion .of.,what.even from .the remnantsappearing, will be recognized-by those'fskillediinrthe `art .asa familiar commercial fornrofthe -automatic'draft lcontrol system ofi-Ferguson IPatent-No. 2,118,180 e mentioned fpreviously herein. Some f portions yof 'the'. latter-system. havepaswill -be noted, been "removed to accommodate"the'newunit 'Moreover, so completely" have fthe "functioning and operation been altered in fthe-newcombination that special care must be'takenV not'to be misled as to the purpose and actionof theelements even though their physicalfappearance' be' familiar.

For example, the quadrant lever 25 (Fig. l.) has long been familiar in automatic draft control systems like that identiiied above, being moved up or down to vary the depth of soil penetration of an implement and thus adjust the draft load. In the present setup, however, movement of that same hand lever`f25 4does'nothing of the kind. `Instead, its movement adjusts the value at which the fluid pressure is maintained in the hydraulic system.

`Before. proceeding with details of the conver sion-unit 24, identication will be made of those components of the old draft control system which remain on the tractor for incorporation in the new system. v'The quadrant lever 25 has already been noted. Also included is a main hydraulic Aactuator shown as a one-way ram 2E comprising a cylinder 21 receiving a slidable piston 28. A

vthrust link 29 connects this piston to a depending crank arm 30 fixed to a transverse rockshaft ilipthe rounded outer endV of the thrustrlink being received in al socket'32 in the-lower. endof the-arm. Also fixed tothe rockshaftil..- isa pair of upwardly and rearwardly,projectingcrank arms 33 having their outer ends connectedhy fdrop links 34 withv respective ones of the hitch links 20. l

Pressure fluid, such as oil, isfsuppliedto-the -ram26 from a pump 35 by--Wayof-a conduit..36.

Arcserve Supply of oil vismaintained inasump at.3' formed by the portion ofthe tractorcasing receiving thepump. -A maincontrol valve mechianismf38 is located on theintake side of...the

pump.

`The valve mechanism (see Fig..2)..includes .in thisiinstancean axiallyA slidable. valve .plunger l3Q received ina bushing or sleeve: 4i) V:having in. it at axiallyspaced points a set ofintake orsupply ports'dl andexhaust ports.42. ,Thepump35sis powered from the tractor engine. (notisho'wn) and v operates continuously. When the valve plunger 39 is` moved to uncover. the supplyports 4i. the pump delivers additional fluid to the systemv through the-conduit 36. .On the otherhand,

.when the valve `plunger is shifted Vtouncover. the

restricted bleed ports 42 it connects the. conduit 36 to drain, permitting fluid toreturn. to ithe sump and relieving the pressure in thesystem. When the valve plunger 39 .isinits midorneutral .position shown in Fig. 2, boththe supplyandex- 4.haust ports are. blocked so that the'fluid-isre- .tained lin the system.

Motion is imparted tothe valveplunger. 39by mechanical linkage, including a generallyupri'ght floating/lever` 43 pivotallyfconnected to the valve plungerat its .lowerend .The `uppergportion of the floating lever 43 is divided to straddlethe ram 26 and Vhas on its upper end avpadAd arrangedtol bear against anY eccentric .pn the quadrant lever 25. A contractile spring 46. yieldably urges the floating lever'43 to rock clockwise -and thus retain the pad M `in contactwith .the

eccentric e5. Pivoted to Vthe fioatingilever 43 intermediateits ends at li? isa rearwardlyextending connecting member or yoke.

Those familiar with the draft control system Hof, Ferguson Patent No. 2,ll8,180 previously mentioned, will appreciate that theyoke 48 orcorrespending part in such system is normallyconnected at its rear end -to a spring vbiased,axially slidable control rod normally mounted-abovethe tractors differential housing 39 and connectedat `its outer end to a shackle rockably mounted at 52 andN to which the usual upperhitch Jlink'rnay-be connected. In the present instance' the biasing or control spring for the control rod and the shackle are not shown, the same having been removed to make way for the conversion unit 2 4 which is now located on the upper side of the differential housing. Where an implement requiring an upper link attachment is to be used with the pressure control system, an attachment for such a link to the tractor similar to that shown in said patent* may be employed.

So much for the elements of the old constant draft system which have 'been left on the tractor for utilization in the new constant transfer system. To integrate the elements so far described for constant transfer or constant pressure operation, the conversion unit 24 is employed. This unit responds to the fluid pressure prevailing in the system and serves, in general, to correctively retain that pressure constant at a preselected value by automatically rocking the floating lever 43 either to effect pumping of more fluid or relief of pressure, all as may be required to restore the preset pressure value in the system. Pressure from the system is applied to the unit 24 by way of a conduit 50 (Fig. l) connected to the line 36 between the pump discharge port and the ram cylinder 21.

In its preferred form illustrated (see Figs. 3 and 4 in addition to Fig. 1) the unit 24 comprises an elongated cast metal body 54 having in it a cylindrical chamber 55 opening to its inner end. Extending through the center of this chamber 55 and through a communicating axial bore 51 is a plunger or rod 56. This plunger 55 extends entirely through, and projects beyond both ends of, the body 54. Encircling the portion of the rod 56 within the chamber 55 is a helical compression spring 55. The inner end of the spring bears against a shoulder 59 on the housing while its Outer end bears against a washer 60 slidably received in the enlarged outer end portion 5| of the chamber 55. A border flange 62 extending circumferentiallyabout an opening in the wall of the tractor casing to which the unit 24 is attached limits movement of the washer 6l) under thrust of the spring 58. Bolts 63 detachably secure the unit housing 54 to the tractor and also retain in place `a cup shaped housing 64 on the outer end of the housing 54.

The inner end of the plunger 56 (Figs. 1 and 4) has a head 66 which is pivotally connected at 65 with the fork 48 previously identified. The head 66 abuts against the outer face of the washer 60. Thrust is thus transmitted from the spring 58 to the .plunger 56 via the washer 60 and head 66. On the other or outer end of the plunger 55 is rigidly fixed .a transverse block or cross-head 67 arranged to overlie the exposed noses of a pair of pistons or plungers 68 (Fig. 10). Such plungers are slidably received in cylinder bores 69 formed in the housing 54 in parallelism with the central bore 51 and lying on opposite sides of it.

Pressure fluid from the line 50 enters a transverse passage 16 (Fig. 6) in the housing 54 and thence ows through branch passages H into respective ones of the cylinder bores 69. Pressure iiuid from the discharge side of the pump in the hydraulic system is thus supplied to the cylinder bores 69 and tends to urge the plungers 68 outward. As the plunge-rs 68 move outward, they in the system. It is such displacement of the plunger 56 which is used to actuatefthe control valve mechanism 38 whenever the pressure departs from ya desired value.

Havingin mind the structure of the various component elements of the installation described above, consideration may now 'be given to the over-all operation. Let it be assumed first of all that the quadra-nt lever 25 (Fig. 1) is pushed downward to substantially its lowermost position. In such case the floating lever 43 will have been rocked counterclockwise from the position actually illustrated in Fig. 1, pulling the main valve plunger 39 rightward to uncover the bleed ports 42. Accordingly, the pump 35 will be running idly, pressure in the system will have been relieved to substantially zero and the fluid drained from the ram cylinder 2l' so that the ram piston 28 is fully retracted within the cylinder and the hitch links 20 located in rtheir lowermost position.

With some implement (not shown) attached to the hitch links 26, a desired portion of its otherwise ground supported weight can be transferred to the tractors rear end simply by pulling the quadrant lever 25 upward. The extent to which the quadrant lever is moved upward determines the amount of load which Will be trans ferred to the tractor. In other words, the quadrant lever position will determine the fluid pressure setting for the system.

Assuming the quadrant lever 25 to have been pulled upward from zero pressure position to the position shown in Fig. 1, the resultant motion of the eccentric 45 causes the floating lever 43. to rook clockwise about its pivot 41, closing the bleed ports 42 and opening the supply ports 4i. Consequently, the pump 35 delivers pressure uid to the system, to produce a pressure against the piston tending to raise the hitch links 20. With an implement of appropriate weight attached to the hitch links the result will be a progressively increasing fluid pressure in the system. As the iluid pressure rises the plungers 66 in the unit 24 are moved outward, displacing the plunger 55 axially in an outward direction.

f cut-oil is dependent upon the position of the quadrant lever 25. That such is the case .will be observed upon reference to the relative movement of the parts. The location of the eccentric 45 (determined by the setting of the quadrant lever 25) determines the degree through which draw the plunger 56 outward with them against Axial the plunger 56 must be displaced in order to rock the floating lever 43 suniciently to move the valve plunger 39 into neutral. The axial displacement of the plunger 56 is, on the other hand, directly proportional to fluid pressure in the system. The higher the quadrant lever 25 is pulled, the farther to the right the eccentric 45 is shifted and consequently the plunger 56 must be moved proportionately farther to the right by a correspondingly higher pressure to bring the valve mechanism again to neutral. It will be perceived that shift of the fulcrum point eccentric 45 by the quadrant lever 25 thus changes the effective length of the fme'chanical.: connectonbetween the pressure rejrsponsiveunitsplunger 56 and the valve -plunger 39.1 VA scale (not shown) can, of course, be placed alongside the quadrant levery and with the :scalecalibrated as desired as, for example, in i -terms of pressure or in terms of transferred load.

Once the system has been brought under pressure'at some desired value as described above, the-pump 35D ceases to deliver any further duid since its'intake ports 4l are closed. Consequently, even though the pump runs continuously there is no additional pumping of oil with attendant foaming and heating, both of which are deleterious, yNor is it necessary to resort to the complixcations of stroke change on the pump. Upon -any departure of fluid pressure from the preset valve, however, the valve mechanism 38 will auto- :matically be actuated to restore the preset pressure,aeitherby the pumping of further fluid or .rbyreliefofpressure as the case may be.

Thus in the event that there is an increase vin fluid pressure above the preset value, the plunger 56 Will be-urged further to the right (Fig. l) beyond the position which it, occupied at cutoff, rocking the floating lever i3 counterclock- -wise about the eccentric to pull the valve plunger 39 rightward and open the bleed ports 42. Relief of pressure will then ensue and as the pressure drops again the plunger returns leftward to the position which it occupied at Ycut-off, swinging the floating lever 43 clockwise tofrestore the valve plunger 39 to neutral. Simirlarly, uponv a drop in pressure below the preset value; the plunger 5t will move leftward under the zxurging of the spring 58, allowing the spring 45 i `to rock the floating lever 43 clockwise to uncover Vl.the'pumps intake ports 4l. Additional uid is thereupon supplied to the system, quickly restoring itto the desired pressure and at which value it returns to equilibrium.

' Should the operator at any time wish to Achange the amount of load transferred by the hitch, he has only to shift the quadrant lever 25. Such shift establishes a new control point for fthe` system at which cut-off or equilibrium occurs in the same general manner described above. Thereafter, the Vnewly established pressure is maintained automatically in the same manner previously described, until some new quadrant lever setting is eiected.

The range of pressures available can be changed zby substituting springs 58 of different strengths. Alt will be perceived that the more resistant this .i spring is made the greater will be the fluid pressure which must be applied against it to effect` "afgiven increment of travel for the plunger 56. .'z'Accordinglm the increase in iiuid pressure estab- '1 lished for any given increment of upward swing 'in'v the quadrant lever. 25 is correspondingly invcreased. Normally, a size for the spring 53 is :rchosen such that the maximum pressure which "canbe established will be well below the safety :value for the system. Commonly a spring loaded safety valve, indicated at 'l2 in Fig. l, is arranged on the discharge side of the pump 35 and may be set, for example, `to spillat 1,500 pounds per *square inch' pressure. Inl such case the spring 58 shouldbe chosen so that the range of avail- :able .pressures will be below 1,500 pounds per square inch.

`The constant pressure supply system described above'constitutes a very-convenient source for supplying hydraulic auxiliaries. For that purpose fluid may be led off to the auxiliaries (not shown) #through .a .branch line 36A connected to the auxiliary linethe hitch links 20 may conveniently be blocked kagainst rise (or at least against complete rise) by some convenient means, such-as a strut (not shown) connected from them to a pin at 50 on the diiferential housing or., in some other suitable manner. With the hitch links thus blocked against complete rise, the maximum fluid pressure available in the system will be determined by the quadrant vlever setting, the value lselected being one appropriate for. the particular auxiliary device which is to beoperated. It is to be observed, by way of contrast, that if an attempt were made in a constant draft system to supply vfluid to auxiliaries through a connection like 36A, and with the draft links blocked lagainst full rise, that as soon as the auxiliary/.line was closed or the auxiliarypiston Ywent solid against the end of its cylinder that the -setting which exceeds any loa-d that is available for application to the hitch links 23. There may, for example, be no implement at all attached to them. No difficulty ensues, however, in such contingency. All that happens is that when the quadrant lever 25 is shifted to such position the pump 35 startsA pumping fluid into the system,

.elevation of the draft links 26 takes placeand continues until they have completed their full range of travel. At the end of such range of travel the skirt of the main ram piston 28 emerges from the end of the cylinder 2'! and contacts projections 5l on the floating lever 43. .The floating lever is thereupon rocked counterclockwise about the pivot 41, pulling the valve plunger 39 rightward to block the supplyports 4l and pushing such plunger into neutral.

From the foregoing it will be perceived that a safe, simple and reliable arrangement has ybeen provided for transferring .to a tractor, any desired amount of load from an attached implement or the like. f

I claim as my invention:

1. A controllable loadtransfer hitch for a tractor comprising, in combination, a hitch linkage trailingly mounted on the rear end portion tosaid actuator whereby said unit is subjected to the fluid pressure prevailing in said actuator,

saidiunit including an element xed with respect to the tractor and a shiftable element displaceable relative to said xed element proportionately with changes in such pressure, a mechanical operating connection from said shiftable element to said valve mechanism, and a manual adjusting means for selectively varying the effective length of said operating connection.

y 2. A controllable load transfer hitch for a tractor comprising, in combination, a hitch linkage trailingly mounted on the rear end portion of the tractor for generally vertical swinging movement, a fluid actuator operatively connected to said hitch linkage for raising the same, a pump powered from the tractor engine for supplying pressure fluid to said actuator', a valve mechanism having alternatively available supply and exhaust positions for effecting, respectively, the supply of additional uid from said pump to said actuator and the exhaust of iiuid from said actuator, a pressure responsive device including a cylinder having a piston slide-ble therein, means rigidly anchoring said cylinder to the tractor body, means connecting said device in common with the fluid pressure supplied to said actuator whereby said device is subjected to the iluid pressure prevailing in said actuator, a spring for yieldably resisting the displacement of said piston under the influence of such pressure, and a mechanical operating connection from said piston to said valve mechanism.

3. A controllable load transfer hitch for a tractor comprising, in combination, a hitch `linkage trailingly mounted on the rear end portion of the tractor for generally vertical swinging movement, a fluid actuator operatively connected to said hitch linkage for raising the same, a pump powered from the tractor engine for supplying pressure iiuid to said actuator, valve mechanism having alternatively available supply and exhaust positions for effecting, respectively, the supply of additional fluid from said pump to said actuator and the exhaust of fluid from said actuator, a pressure responsive device, conduit means connecting said device in open communication with the fluid pressure supplied to said'actuator whereby said device is subjected to the fluid pressure prevailing in said actuator, said device including an element fixed with respect to the tractor body and a shiftable element displaceable relative to said xed element through a fixed path of travel proportionately with changes in such pressure, a iioating lever, a connecting link pivotally connected at one end to an intermediate point on said oating lever and at the other to said shiftable element of said pressure responsive device, a connection from one end portion of said iioating lever to said valve mechanism, and a manually positionable fulcrum for the other end portion of said lever for varying the effective length of the connection thus established between said shiftable element and said Valve mechanism.

4. A controllable load transfer hitch for a tractor comprising, in combination, a hitch linkage trailingly mounted on the rear end portion of the tractor for generally vertical swinging movement, a fluid actuator operatively connected to said hitch linkage for raising the same, a pump having an intake and a discharge, a drain connection leading from the pump discharge, a valve mechanism shiftable from a neutral position in which both said pump intake and said drain connection are blocked into alternatively available exhaust and supply positions in which said drain connection and intake 10 are respectively individually opened with the other remaining blocked, a pressure responsive unit including a housing removably mounted on the tractor and having a plunger slidably mounted therein, said unit also including a iiuid piston connected to said plunger to shift the same axially in one direction relative to said housing as well as a spring for resisting such shift, means connecting said unit in common with the fluid pressure supplied to said actuator whereby the fluid pressure prevailing in said f actuator is applied to the piston of said unit,

and a mechanical operating connection from said plunger to said value mechanism.

The combination of a tractor having a hitch linkage trailingly mounted thereon for generally vertical movement, a piston and cylinder type hydraulic actuator on the tractor connected to said linkage for applying a lifting force thereto, a pump powered from the tractor engine for supplying pressure uic. to said actuator, valve means shiftable in opposite directions to connect the actuator alternatively to drain or to eii'ect the supply of pressure iiuid to the actuator from said pump, a pressure responsive unit including an element nxed with respect to the tractor and an element shiitable with respect to the xed element, conduit means connectingr said unit in open communication with the fluid pressure supplied to said actuator whereby said unit is subjected to the fluid pressure prevailing in said actuator, and means providing a connection between said shftable element of the pressure-responsive unit and said valve means whereby the unit is e'ective to actuate the valve so as to maintain the iiuid pressure in the actuator substantially constant and thereby retain correspondingly constant the load transferred by said linkage to the tractor.

6. A controllable load transfer hitch for a tractor comprising, in combination, a hitch linkage trailingly mounted on the rear end portion of the tractor for generally vertical swinging movement, a pump powered from the tractor engine and having an intake and a discharge, a drain connection leading from the pump discharge, valve mechanism shiftable from a neutral position in which both said pump intake and said drain connection are blocked into alternatively available exhaust and supply positions in which the drain connection and intake are respectively individually opened progressively with the other remaining blocked, a pressure-responsive unit, conduit means connecting said unit in open communication with the uid pressure supplied to said actuator whereby said unit is subjected to the pressure prevailing in said actuator, said unit including an element fixed with respect to the tractor and a shiftable element displaceable relative to said fixed element proportionately with changes in such pressure, and a mechanical operating connection from said shiftable element to said valve mechanism.

7. A controllable load transfer hitch for a tractor comprising, in combination, a hitch linkage trailingly mounted on the rear end portion of the tractor for generally vertical swinging movement, a pump powered from the tractor engine and having an intake and a discharge, a drain connection leadingY from the pump discharge, valve mechanism shiftable from a neutral position in which both said pump intake and said drain connection are blocked into alternatively available exhaust and supply positions in which the drain connection and intake l 1 are respectively` individually opened with' the other remaining blocked, a pressure-responsive unit, conduit means connecting said unit in open communication with the uid pressure supplied to said actuator whereby said unit is subjected to the pressure prevailing in said actuator,

said unit including an element xed with Arespect to the tractor and a shiftable element displaceable relative to said Xed element proportionately with changes in such pressure, a mechanical operating connection from said shiftable element to said valve mechanism, and adjusting means manually operable for variably determining the position Within the range of movement of said shiftable member at which the valve mechanism is disposed in neutral position.

8. A controllable load transfer hitch for a tractor comprising, in combination, a hitch linkage trailingly mounted on the rear end portion of the tractor for generally vertical swinging movement, a pressure fluid operated actuator operatively connected to said hitch linkage for raising the same, a pump powered from the tractor engine for supplying pressure fluid to said actuator, a valve mechanism having alternatively available supply and exhaust positions for effecting, respectively,` the supply` of additional fluid fromsaid pump' to vsaidactuator and the exhaust of 'iiuid from saidactuator, a pressure responsive device, conduit means connecting said device in common with` the 'fluid pressure supplied to said actuator `wherebvsaid device is subjected to the fluid pressure prevailing insaid actuator. said device including 4ank element xed lwith respect'to the tractor-andashiftable element displaceable relative to saidfiXed-element through a xed path of travel vproportionately withv changes in such pressure;a oating lever, a connecting link` pivotally'connected at one end to an intermediate point on said floating lever and at the other to the shiftable element of said pressure-responsive device, a connection from one end of said floating lever-to said valve mechanism, and a-manually positionablefulcrum for theotherend portion of'said lever.

9.- A conversion unit for a tractor having a hydraulically operated lift supplied with fluid under pressure v`by-a pump powered from the tractor` engine and undercontrol of a'valve mechanism having alternatively available supply and exhaust positions for effecting respectively the supply of additional uid from the'pump to the Alift and the exhaust of fluid from `the lift,-said conversionA unit comprising, in combination, aV` housing adapted tobe rigidly secured on the rearportionl of the tractor, a plunger axially slidable in said housing and connectable with said valve mechanism, a biasing spring urging said plunger axially forward, said housing having a cylinder therein for pressure iiuid, a piston slidably receivedvinv said cylinder and operatively connected to said plunger, and conduit means for connecting said cylinder to receive pressure fluid from thepump at the pressure prevailing in the hydraulic lift ofversion unit comprising, in combination, a housing adapted for mounting on the rear portion of the tractor, a plunger axially slidable in said housing and connectable with the valve mechansm, a biasing spring urging said plunger axially forward, said housing having a pair of cylinders therein arranged in parallelism on substan.

tially opposite sides .of said plunger, a crossheadv on said plunger, pistons slidably received in respective ones of said cylinders and arranged with their rear ends abutting said crosshead, and

means for connecting said cylinders to receive;

pressure fluid from the pump at the pressure prevailing in the main lift actuator of the tractor tov urge said plunger rearward against the stress of said biasing spring and through a distance proportional to the pressure prevailing in said main lift actuator.

ERNEST V. BUNTING.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,118,180 Ferguson May 24, 1938 2,256,144 Gilford et al. Sept..16, 1941. 2,264,560 Albertson Dec. 2, 1941` 2,351,168 Warne June 13, 1944. 2,455,727 Bunting Dec. 7, 1948 

